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Fascism in New Zealand
The organised advocacy of fascist, neo-Nazi, white supremacist, and anti-Semitic views has been present in New Zealand to a limited extent. Its strength has been variable, and the movement has never gained much support from mainstream groups.
==Early anti-Semitism==
As in most Western societies, a certain amount of anti-Semitic feeling has been present in New Zealand for quite some time.〔Goldman, Lazarus Morris, ''The history of the Jews in New Zealand'', 1958〕 This feeling was not particularly strong, however, as evidenced by the fact that Julius Vogel, a practising Jew, was able to become Prime Minister in 1873. Vogel did, however, suffer jibes about his faith, and political cartoonists frequently employed various Jewish stereotypes against him. The fact that he served as Treasurer was particularly played upon, with stereotypes of Jewish bankers and moneylenders being brought out. However, none of this anti-Semitism was conducted in an organised fashion, being simply the views of individuals rather than any sort of political movement.
In the early 20th century, another more disciplined strain of anti-Semitism crystallised around the social credit theory. This theory, set out by the British engineer C. H. Douglas, was highly critical of bankers and financiers, believing that debt was being used to undermine people's rights. While by no means all creditists were anti-Semitic, the complaints made by Social Credit fit well with existing anti-Semitic theories that Jews controlled financial institutions. As such, many anti-Semites gathered around social credit organisations, and in some cases, became powerful.
Initially, most supporters of social credit were supporters of the Labour Party, which meant that any anti-Semitic sentiments were considerably diluted. Later, however, an independent Social Credit Party was founded, and some allege that the new group contained many anti-Semitic elements. Gradually, rifts emerged in the party over anti-Semitic views, and the faction opposed to anti-Semitism was victorious. By the late 1960s, any anti-Semitic strain had been virtually expelled from the Social Credit Party. Many anti-Semites supported the League of Rights, an organisation originating in Australia which also had links to the social credit movement.
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